What is Recreational Drug Use? Risks, Signs, and Responsible Choices

Using a drug recreationally means it’s used for non-medical reasons—primarily to enjoy its effects. Many people use alcohol recreationally and substances like marijuana or cocaine. Caffeine, too.

Dabbling in substance use doesn’t always lead to addiction, but it can; along with other health risks and consequences. Fully understanding the risks can help you make responsible, healthier choices when it comes to recreational drugs.

Types of Recreational Drugs

Recreational drugs aren’t a certain class of substances; rather, a drug used to recreate or better enjoy an experience. For example, having alcohol at a party, ecstasy at a rave, or a cigarette with a cup of coffee.

Recreational drugs may be used non-recreationally, too. Someone may drink alcohol because they’ve developed an addiction and need the substance to avoid withdrawal symptoms, not to enjoy it. Someone may also smoke marijuana for medicinal reasons, like pain management, rather than to enjoy the high.

All sorts of drugs can have recreational purposes, but these are some of the most common.

Marijuana

Marijuana has medicinal and recreational uses. When used recreationally, marijuana causes a sense of relaxation and disconnection that some people leverage to soothe stress or connect more fully with peers. It also has use as a medical pain reliever and relaxant that doctors may prescribe at set doses.

Marijuana, typically called weed, has become legal in some American states. Most states haven’t legalized it, but that doesn’t keep people from obtaining and taking the substance. Regular use can lead to addiction and adverse health effects.

Cocaine

Cocaine is a stimulant¹ popularized as a recreational drug by how it’s portrayed in media. For example, movies or shows about raucous executives or wealthy celebrities often include cocaine use in party scenes. People in real life, tycoons or not, may use cocaine for similar reasons.

Recreational use can spin into an addiction, legal consequences, negative health effects, and damage to relationships and finances.

Ecstasy

Ecstasy, often called Molly, is a synthetic stimulant with psychedelic properties². Taking it releases endorphins and slightly alters the reality around you, creating a “trippy” experience that makes it a popular recreational drug at raves with loud music and flashing lights. Its association with these settings marks it as one of the more prominent recreational drugs.

Alcohol

You can easily find alcohol at most social gatherings and events—recreation is often the sole purpose of drinking it (until it becomes an addiction, and someone needs to drink regularly to function.)

Alcohol releases dopamine³, giving it a feel-good effect. It also lowers inhibitions, making people feel more talkative, fun, and primed to enjoy social events better. Drinking alcohol also serves as a way to connect with others; for example, your group of friends may want to celebrate with their favorite drinks or try challenges involving alcohol.

Hallucinogens

Hallucinogens include drugs like LSD and psilocybin. Many psychedelics with hallucinatory effects come from plants and fungi; or, they may be synthetically based. People often use hallucinogens to have a spiritual experience or to disconnect from reality. They may do it alone or with others.

Differences Between Recreational and Medicinal Drug Use

Purpose and Intent

Why you use a drug can determine if the use is recreational or medicinal. Ask yourself questions like these:

Am I taking this to “fix” something negative I’m feeling?
Am I following the prescription guidelines, or only taking this when I want the effects?
Do I only take this drug when I’m at parties or other social events, to make the event “more fun”?

If you’re taking a medication because you’ve been prescribed it, and taking it as prescribed, the use of the drug likely isn’t recreational—this would be medicinal.

If you’re taking a drug or medication to enjoy its effects or to boost your sense of well-being at-will, the use follows recreational patterns.

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Using controlled substances for medicinal purposes, like taking opioids as prescribed for pain, doesn’t breach any laws. Taking controlled substances without a prescription does. Purchasing these illegal substances funds illegal practices, which often operate with little ethical guidelines—focusing on profit over safety.

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Potential Dangers of Recreational Drug Use

Health Risks

Using recreational drugs can cause symptoms like:

Dehydration
Serotonin syndrome⁴
Overdose—stopped breathing, heart slowing dangerously
Mental discombobulation
Bloodshot eyes

Mental Health Impacts

Taking recreational drugs can trigger or worsen mental health conditions⁵ like anxiety and depression. The unpleasant side effects of substance use, combined with symptoms of a mental health condition, can perpetuate the cycle of use.

Risk of Addiction

Using drugs, even for recreation, opens up the risk for addiction. Regular use builds tolerance, which means you need a higher and higher dose to feel the same effects. Those higher doses can start changing the neurochemical balances and processes in your brain, making it crave the substance and struggle to function properly without it.

Signs of Drug Use and Intoxication

Physical Indicators

If you or someone else has used a recreational drug, you’ll likely notice physical signs like these.

Red or bloodshot eyes—this is especially common after smoking marijuana.
Discoordination when moving around.
Sudden loss of appetite. Stimulants like cocaine can curb appetite and lead to rapid weight loss.

Behavioral Changes

Someone’s behavior also changes when they’re intoxicated. Recreational drugs, often stimulants, can bring about especially noticeable changes in behavior. Look for signs like:

Seeming “out of it,” like they’re in a dream state and not aware of what’s going on around them.
Acting secretive about their whereabouts and activities.
Neglecting professional and personal responsibilities.
Acting unusually erratic as a result of the drug raising their energy and lowering their inhibitions.

Psychological Signs

The better you know someone, the easier spotting psychological signs of drug use may be. Keep an eye out for indicators like:

Abrupt mood swings, where they may seem down then extremely happy, or the opposite.
Paranoia is a common symptom of taking recreational drugs like marijuana. They may feel like they’re being watched, or something’s out to get them.
Cognitive impairment, meaning they’re suddenly struggling to articulate their thoughts, think clearly, or make sense of what’s going on around them.

When to Seek Help

Recognizing the Need for Intervention

Drinking every so often, or even using more ‘extreme’ recreational drugs sparingly, likely doesn’t pose a major problem for the person and their loved ones—though no amount of drugs used or frequency makes them safe, so stopping is always a good idea. Regular use comes with more pronounced issues that could require an intervention.

Behaviors indicating an addiction, like neglecting responsibilities to use substances, could warrant an intervention, as could signs of physical harm. Use your best judgment to determine if someone’s drug use causes harm to themselves or others, and plan an intervention accordingly.

Resources for Support

Fortunately, help for recreational drug use spans far and wide. Whether you’re looking to cut back on occasional use or recover from a painful addiction, help can help. Some of your many options for healing include:

Therapy, which you can attend in person or virtually.
Residential rehabs provide clinical and therapeutic care for recreational drug addiction, including detox when needed.
Outpatient programs like day treatment and intensive outpatient offer regular, structured care for drug addiction, but with the ability to maintain some personal and professional responsibilities.
Peer support groups like Narcotics Anonymous (NA) or SMART Recovery meetings connect you with others in recovery.

Prevention Strategies

Education and Awareness

Knowing more about recreational drugs and what happens when using them can help people make informed decisions, and know what to do in times of need. Young adults can especially benefit from education and awareness on recreational drug use, as they’re likely to encounter these substances at parties and social events in college.

Colleges can boost their efforts on spreading awareness of the risks and dangers of recreational drug use, and make their support services better-known across campus. For example, many colleges have on-campus counseling services and medical services students may not know about.

Community Programs

Many local communities seek to educate and spread awareness through educational materials, support groups, and by presenting alternatives to recreational drug use. To find one of these programs, search online for drug prevention programs in your city or go to your community center to see what resources they offer.

Support Systems

Strong support systems serve as a preventative measure against drug use and addiction⁶. Those in your circle can help you identify harmful use, find and practice coping strategies, and support you if you need professional treatment.

Professional treatment providers, like doctors, therapists, and psychiatrists, can offer expert support for recovery through counseling, medical care, and helping you form a personalized care plan. With their support you can identify which practices may help you best, like traditional therapies or a blend of traditional and alternative approaches.

Legal Implications of Recreational Drug Use

Legal Risks

Some recreational drugs are legal to use, but many aren’t. For example, having ecstasy, LSD, and marijuana (in some states) could incur criminal charges for possession. Criminal charges can lead to jail time and potentially prison.

This creates a criminal record that can upend future jobs, housing opportunities, and more.

Societal Perceptions and Stigmas

Recreational drugs carry a harmful stigma that can attach to the user—mainly, that they’re irresponsible or prioritize a good time over their safety. For younger people and college students, this stigma might not exist among peers, when using recreational drugs is more commonly accepted. But this often changes as they age and mingle with professional peers.

Certain cultures and demographics may be particularly opposed to drug use of any sort, and any regularity.

Thankfully, the stigmas surrounding drug use and mental health conditions have begun to dissipate. Though the progress isn’t blazingly fast, it’s there—and getting better as more people share their experiences and messages of hope.

Getting Help: Drug Rehab for Recreational Drugs

Help for drug addiction comes in many shapes and sizes, catering to your unique circumstances with virtual treatment, in-person care, medical or non-medical care, and even rehabs on the other side of the globe. They take many different approaches to care; some use the 12 Steps, others may focus more on holistic methods. There’s an option for you and your preferences.
To find the treatment that’s best for you, you can use Recovery.com and filter your search by insurance, price, conditions, and more.

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