Mindfulness as a Tool for Recovery From Substance Use Disorders

Meditation

There are countless ways to meditate. You might use an app, listen to guided meditations, watch videos, or simply learn to sit in silence. With some experimentation, you may find that some of these strategies are a better fit for you than others. Remember that meditation is itself a tool. There is no wrong way to go about it, as long as you stay focused on the process.

According to a therapist at Siam Rehab, everyone in recovery from substance use disorders “strives for inner peace. There are many ways to inner peace, but one thing that helps is meditation. We teach it every day.” This practice has the greatest benefits when performed daily. One study found that after 8 weeks of daily meditation,⁵ subjects exhibited “decreased negative mood states including decreases in mood disturbance, anxiety, and fatigue scores,” as well as enhanced attention and memory. These findings were not apparent in subjects who meditated daily for only 4 weeks.

This practice may also have powerful long-term health benefits. Preliminary research suggests that meditation may slow the brain’s aging process,⁶ simultaneously improving attention, memory, executive function, and even creativity. Some studies have also found that meditation can significantly reduce chronic pain.⁷ This may be especially helpful for clients in recovery from opioid misuse. Learning how to simply be present in each moment may help you make peace with even the most overwhelming emotions.

Mindful Breathing

Meditation isn’t appropriate for everyone. Some clients may have physical or mental health concerns that make it difficult for them to sit in silence. But everyone breathes. By simply focusing on your breath, even without changing its rhythm, you can ground yourself in your present physical experience.

If you’d like to deepen your relationship with your breath, there are countless styles of mindful breathing. Make sure to talk to your therapist before choosing a particular technique, as some of these may have unforeseen effects. When performed appropriately, these breathing practices can hugely benefit emotion regulation.⁸

Body Awareness

Centering yourself in your body can be extremely grounding. There are many ways to accomplish this. When you’re new to meditation, you might learn how to do a simple body scan,⁹ in which you bring your awareness to each part of your body, accepting how you feel in the moment. Some versions of this practice then ask you to release any unnecessary tension. As you relax, you may find that you also gain a greater awareness of your emotional state.

Some clients may prefer to engage in mindful movement, rather than sitting still. This could be as simple as doing a single stretch, or going for a mindful walk. During that practice, you might focus on the five senses: the sensation of your feet on the ground, the color of the leaves, the sounds coming from nearby or far away, and so on.

Yoga

Yoga is an ancient practice, designed to promote both physical and mental health. Preliminary research suggests that this type of movement may have specific benefits for people in recovery from substance misuse. This is especially true for clients who are healing from the use of alcohol or opiates, and those at risk of relapse.

According to experts, “The practice of yoga may be especially effective in the management of chronic pain for individuals who abuse alcohol or opiates¹⁰ because it focuses on psychological and physical characteristics.” This holistic approach can be helpful during any stage of recovery. If you’re able to begin doing yoga during rehab, you may be better equipped to withstand cravings after you complete inpatient treatment.

Because yoga approaches the mind and body holistically, it may help you begin to make peace with your own emotional experience. One study on the effectiveness of yoga in addiction treatment¹¹ found that “the skills, insights, and self-awareness learned through yoga and mindfulness practice can target multiple psychological, neural, physiological, and behavioral processes.” By making these broad behavioral changes, you can develop the skills you’ll need to navigate life after rehab.

Benefits and Limitations of Mindfulness

Data shows that “mindfulness-based interventions¹² are effective for treatment of both psychological and physical symptoms.” Specifically, mindfulness techniques have been shown to reduce stress.¹² And since stress is linked to addiction,¹³ this “may prove beneficial in reducing cravings and promoting abstinence” during recovery from substance use disorders.

In addition to their holistic effects, these practices can significantly improve the symptoms of several different mental health concerns. “Structural and functional brain changes have been demonstrated in the brains of people with a long-term traditional meditation practice.”¹⁴ Due to these changes, clients experienced relief from anxiety, depression, and physical pain.

However, it’s important to note that general mindfulness may not be appropriate for all clients. Specifically, some meditation techniques may be triggering,¹⁵ to clients with PTSD. According to Dr. Willoughby Britton, associate professor at Brown University, “meditation can lead people to some dark places, triggering trauma or leaving people feeling disoriented.” Because of this, it’s very important to work closely with your therapist when you first begin these practices.

The Effect of Mindfulness on Recovery

Research suggests that these practices can be especially helpful for people in recovery from substance use disorders. In fact, meditation may be even more effective than other interventions at preventing relapse.¹⁶ They have noticeable neurological effects, and “may increase functional connectivity” between the areas of the brain that are involved in cravings and substance use. Ultimately, mindfulness¹⁷ has been shown to make substance misuse less reflexive, giving clients more control over their own behavior.

While the effects are more pronounced after long-term use, mindful meditation can be beneficial even after “a brief single training session,” finds a study on mindfulness for recovery from opioid addiction.¹⁸ People in recovery find that mindfulness benefits their psychological health:¹⁹ they experience a greater sense of well-being, decreased emotional reactivity, and greater equanimity when they engage in these techniques. With this sense of calm, it becomes far easier to make long-lasting changes.

Some rehab facilities have a specific focus on mindfulness as a tool for behavioral health. At Flatirons Recovery, for example, practitioners believe that the greater awareness of oneself and habitual patterns gained from mindfulness can empower clients in recovery to make sustainable changes.

Making Meaning With Mindfulness

During recovery, part of the work is to imagine and then create a life you find meaningful. By incorporating mindfulness into your daily practice, you may become increasingly aware of your own emotional reactions to the world around you. Gently accepting these feelings can help you get in touch with your deepest needs, empowering you to make important changes.

These strategies can not only help during recovery; they may also improve your life in the long term. Even after you complete rehab, you continue implementing healthy habits to manage ongoing stress and avoid relapse.

Although mindfulness can be extremely beneficial, it’s important to proceed with caution. These techniques aren’t right for every client, and they won’t be appropriate for every situation you encounter. Make sure to engage in meditation, yoga, and similar work under the guidance of a therapist.

You can learn more about programs that incorporate this practice into recovery by browsing our list of rehabs offering mindfulness here.

Frequently Asked Questions About Mindfulness for Addiction Recovery